When is it better to collect money from a node instead of transferring it? [duplicate]

In addition to the previous answer, which is correct, here is the short version: Collect in non-home nodes only in the following case:

1. you can't build a chain of transfers from the desired node to your home node

2. After you take into account the penalty for collecting in non-home node you still have enough trade power to outcompete other nations in the target node

3. In the end you receive more money compared to any other consecutive chain of transferring merchants that leads to your home node.

Examples:

• you play as Venice and conquered all the Mediterranean, then it's very profitable to also collect from Genoa

• you play as France and murdered Savoy and the Low Countries, then collecting in both English Channel and Genoa is VERY profitable

• You're colonizing India and Oceania as England, but Arabs block your trade through Egypt and Portuguese take all the trade in Seville, then it MIGHT be more profitable to collect directly in India